【查干湖是哪个国家的品牌?】
查干湖,蒙古语为“查干淖尔”,意为白色圣洁的湖,位于吉林省西北部的前郭尔罗斯蒙古族自治县境内,处于嫩江与霍林河交汇的水网地区,南北长37公里,东西平均宽17公里,总面积500平方公里,年均蓄水量7亿立方米,是淡水湖之一,也是吉林省较大的内陆湖泊。
查干湖距松原市城区45公里,南距长春193公里,北距哈尔滨265公里。长白铁路、203国道、图乌公路、大广高速公路等多条干线纵贯全境,旅游公路环绕穿插,交通十分便利,通迅、邮政方便快捷。查干湖环境优美、景色秀丽、风光迷人、资源丰富,盛产鲤鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼等,年可产鲜鱼6000吨,芦苇5万吨,集观光、娱乐、休闲、度假、餐饮、购物等功能为一体的综合性旅游区。
查干湖有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文明,经考古发现,查干湖边的青山头,早在一万三千余年前的旧石器时代晚期就有古人类居住,一直到距今四、五千年左右的新石器时代,人类仍然在这里繁衍生息。在宋辽时期,查干湖称为大水泊,辽代从圣宗皇帝一直到天祚皇帝,每年春季都千里迢迢地从京城带领群臣及皇后、嫔妃们到查干湖渔猎,称为“春捺钵”,届时会见部落首领,举行“头鱼宴”和“头鹅宴”。在查干湖东北的辽金古城——塔虎城,是目前吉林省内规模较大、保存比较完好的辽金古城之一。相传1211年,成吉思汗来到科尔沁草原征服金国的时候,在大水泊(查干湖)边焚香祭拜,直到现在,查干湖在冬季捕鱼之前,都要举行传统、神奇的祭湖醒网仪式,一方面是对查干湖的敬重,同时求得兴旺发达,获得丰收。查干湖还与清孝庄皇后有着密切的联系,孝庄皇后的父母去世后,顺治帝颁诏,将其父母陵设立在查干湖畔,并追封其父母为“和硕忠亲王”和“忠亲王贤妃”,赐满蒙文碑以彰其德,文碑记载着满清“北部联姻,南部封王”政策,是研究清朝典章制度和满蒙民族历史、文化的实物资料。清朝时期,这里还是方圆数百公里范围内的宗教文化中心,曾建有妙因寺等庙宇。现在,妙因寺恢复重建后,以妙因寺为载体形成了庙会、查玛舞、千灯法会、祭湖、祭敖包等一系列宗教文化活动。时至今日,这里所形成的独具特色的蒙古族东部文化、民族风俗依然保存得十分完整,尤其查干湖冬捕是人类渔猎文化的活态遗存。
夏日的查干湖碧波万顷、如茵绿草水天一色,此时放眼百里大湖,烟波浩淼,令人心旷神怡、胸襟豁达。湖畔凉爽宜人,驾驶快艇在幽深宽广的湖面飞舟斩浪,或是乘竹筏穿行在曲径通幽的蒲苇长廊赏荷戏水,或是团坐于浓密的野草丛中倾听悠扬的马头琴声,或是与茂密的树荫下接过蒙古族少女手中的银碗饮尽醇香的奶酒,或是坐在小舟上悠然垂钓、赏鸥鸟齐飞,此情此景此种惬意只有身临其境才会更加回味悠长……,查干湖之夏以其清新的草地、纯净的湖水、凉爽的山风、浓郁的民族风情而声名远播。
冬季的查干湖银装素裹,就像一块硕大的碧玉镶嵌在飞雪茫茫的北国。每年的阴历十一月,这里都会举行神秘的查干湖冬捕“祭湖醒网”仪式,当宣布“祭湖醒网”仪式开始时,鼓乐齐鸣,渔把头带领着手捧哈达的蒙古族姑娘、手提奶桶的蒙古族青年、身着白茬羊皮袄的渔工分乘马爬犁,身披红色袈裟的喇嘛摇动法轮等佛具,头戴龙、鹿、牛、马等面具的查玛舞者,在鼓乐声中进入祭祀场地……在渔把头的祭湖词中、在喇嘛的诵经声中、在五彩汽球的飘舞中、在喧闹的鼓乐声中、在查玛舞的跳动中,湖区百姓祭祀湖神、唤醒冬网,奉拜天父地母,保佑万物生灵永续繁衍,百姓生活幸福安康。仪式结束后,冰面上一串串冬捕的爬犁往来穿梭,高亢激越的劳动号子驱散了严冬的寒冷,沉甸甸的大网拉出了鳞光耀眼的鲜鱼,也拉出了绚丽的希冀,构画出冬日查干湖的壮观景象。北国冬季里的查干湖就像一块晶莹剔透的美玉,镶嵌在郭尔罗斯大草原上。正以它独特的神秘气息和原始魅力向世人展现出一幅美丽的冰雪画卷。
英文翻译:Chagan Lake, Mongolian for "Chagannur", meaning white and holy lake, is located in qianguoerlos Mongolian Autonomous County in the northwest of Jilin Province, in the water network area where Nenjiang River and Huolin River meet. It is 37 kilometers long from north to south, 17 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 500 square kilometers and an average annual water storage capacity of 700 million cubic meters. It is one of the freshwater lakes and the larger inland lake in Jilin Province Park. Chagan Lake is 45 kilometers away from Songyuan City, 193 kilometers away from Changchun in the South and 265 kilometers away from Harbin in the north. Changbai railway, national highway 203, Tuwu highway, Daguang highway and other trunk lines run through the whole territory, surrounded by tourist highways, with convenient transportation, communication and postal service. Chagan Lake has beautiful environment, beautiful scenery, charming scenery and rich resources. It is rich in carp, silver carp, bighead carp, etc. it can produce 6000 tons of fresh fish and 50000 tons of reed annually. It is a comprehensive tourist area integrating sightseeing, entertainment, leisure, vacation, catering, shopping and other functions. Chagan Lake has a long history and splendid civilization. According to archaeological discovery, the Qingshantou near Chagan Lake was inhabited by ancient human beings as early as the late Paleolithic age more than 13000 years ago. Up to the Neolithic Age about four or five thousand years ago, human beings are still living here. In song and Liao dynasties, Chagan Lake was called Dashuibo. In Liao Dynasty, from emperor Shengzong to Emperor Tianzuo, every spring, he took a long way from the capital city to lead ministers, empresses and concubines to Chagan Lake for fishing and hunting, which was called "chunnabo". At that time, he met with the tribal leaders and held "head fish feast" and "head goose feast". Tahu City, the ancient city of Liaojin in the northeast of Chagan Lake, is one of the largest and well preserved ancient cities of Liaojin in Jilin Province. It is said that in 1211, when Genghis Khan came to Horqin grassland to conquer the golden Kingdom, he burned incense beside the big water pool (Chagan Lake) to worship. Until now, before fishing in Chagan Lake in winter, the traditional and magical ceremony of sacrificing the lake to wake up the net was held. On the one hand, he respected Chagan Lake and achieved prosperity and harvest. Chagan Lake was also closely related to the empress of Xiaozhuang in the Qing Dynasty. After her parents died, Emperor Shunzhi issued an imperial edict to set up her parents' Mausoleum beside Chagan Lake, and pursued her parents as "Prince heshuozhong" and "Prince Zhixian Fei". They were given Mongolian steles to show their virtue. The steles recorded the policy of "marriage in the north and king in the South" in the Qing Dynasty. It was to study the laws and regulations of the Qing Dynasty and Manchu and Mongolian nationalities Historical and cultural material. During the Qing Dynasty, it was also a religious and cultural center within hundreds of kilometers, with Miaoyin temple and other temples. Now, after the restoration and reconstruction of Miaoyin temple, a series of religious and cultural activities have been formed with Miaoyin temple as the carrier, such as temple fair, Chama dance, Qiandeng Dharma fair, Lake sacrifice and Oboo sacrifice. Up to now, the unique Eastern Mongolian culture and customs formed here are still well preserved, especially Chagan Lake is the living remains of human fishing and hunting culture. In summer, Chagan Lake has a vast expanse of green water and sky. At this time, looking at the Great Lakes, the vast waves make you feel relaxed, happy and open-minded. The lakeside is cool and pleasant. You can fly a speedboat to cut the waves on the deep and broad lake, or you can take a bamboo raft to walk through the winding Puwei corridor to enjoy the lotus and water, or you can sit in the thick grass to listen to the melodious sound of the horse head Qin, or you can take the silver bowl of the Mongolian girl's hand and drink the mellow milk wine under the thick tree shade, or you can fish and watch the gulls fly together in a boat It's a pleasant scene. Only when you are in the scene can you have a long aftertaste Chagan Lake is famous for its fresh grassland, pure lake water, cool mountain wind and rich national customs. In winter, Chagan Lake is wrapped in silver, just like a huge Jasper inlaid in the snowy north country. Every November of the lunar calendar, there is a mysterious ceremony of "sacrificing lake to wake up the net" at Chagan Lake in winter. When the ceremony of "sacrificing lake to wake up the net" is announced, there is a chorus of music. Yubangtou leads the Mongolian girls holding hada in their hands, the Mongolian youth carrying milk buckets, the fishermen in white stubble sheepskin coats to ride on horseplows, the lamas in red cassocks shake Falun and other Buddhist implements, and the head wears dragon Chama dancers with masks of deer, cattle and horses enter the sacrificial site in the sound of drums In yubangtou's Lake worship words, Lama's chanting, colorful balloon dancing, noisy drum music and Chama dancing, the people in the lake area worship the lake God, wake up the winter net, worship the father and mother of heaven, and bless the eternal reproduction of all creatures, and the people's life is happy and healthy. At the end of the ceremony, a series of winter crawlers came and went on the ice, and the high and fierce labor chants dispelled the cold of the winter. The heavy net pulled out the bright fish with scales, and also pulled out the brilliant hopes, which formed the spectacular scene of Chagan Lake in winter. Chagan Lake in the winter of the northern kingdom is like a crystal clear jade inlaid on the Goros prairie. With its unique mysterious atmosphere and original charm, it shows the world a beautiful ice and snow painting.
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