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普华永道（PriceWaterhouseCoopers）是世界最大的专业服务机构。它是普华（PriceWaterhouse）和永道（Coopers&Lybrand）于1998年合并组建而成。普华永道和毕马威（KPMG）、安永（Ernst&Young）以及德勤（DeloitteToucheTohmatsu）合称为四大国际会计师事务所。

普华永道（PriceWaterhouseCoopers）是四大国际会计师事务所之一，主要服务领域包括审计、税务、人力资源、交易、危机管理等。普华永道通过制定解决方案及提供实用性意见，不断为客户及股东提升价值。普华永道致力于提供切合各行业所需要的审计、税务及谘询服务，以提升客户的价值。普华永道在154个国家和地区超过161,000人的专业团队所组成的全球网络内，对22个行业进行专业研究，分享其思维成果，行业经验和解决方案，并为客户开拓新视野及提供实用的建议。

普华永道历史

普华永道会计师事务所是由两家大型会计师事务所，普华（PriceWaterhouse）和永道（Coopers&Lybrand），合并而成的。这两家事务所的历史都可以追溯到19世纪。

关于普华（PriceWaterhouse）

1849年，普里斯（SamuelPrice）在伦敦开始了其会计师生涯。1865年，普里斯与威廉·豪里兰德（WilliamHolyland）及埃德温·华特豪斯（EdwinWaterhouse）建立了合伙制的会计师事务所，豪里兰德在此之后很快退出。1874年，该事务所被命名为普里斯·华特豪斯公司（Price,Waterhouse&Co.）。（“公司（&Co.）”的称谓在很久以后才被放弃）到19世纪晚期，普华作为一家会计师事务所已经取得了广泛的认可。为了应对英国和美国之间快速发展的贸易关系，在1890年，普华在纽约开办了一家分所。美国分所在此之后进行了高速扩张。同时，原有的英国事务所也在不列颠帝国内部的主要国家不断开办新的事务所。在每个国家都建立了独立的关系，这样就给予了当地合伙人扩张本地业务的强烈冲劲。这样，普华在全世界的扩张不是通过国际范围的合并重组，而是通过建立合作关系的联盟完成的。

关于永道（Coopers&Lybrand）

与普华一样，永道同样可以起源于19世纪。在1854年，威廉·库珀（WilliamCooper）在伦敦建立了自己的会计师事务所。七年后，库珀的其他三个兄弟也加入了这家事务所，于是便改称“库珀兄弟会计师事务所”（CooperBrothers）。在1898年，罗伯·H·蒙哥马利（RoberH.Montgomery），威廉·M·莱布兰德（WilliamM.Lybrand），小亚当·A·罗斯（AdamA.Ross）和他的兄弟爱德华·罗斯在美国成立了莱布兰德-罗斯兄弟-蒙哥马利会计师事务所（Lybrand,RossBrothersandMontgomery）。永道（Coopers&Lybrand）是于1957年由“库珀兄弟（CooperBrothers&Co.）”、“莱布兰德-罗斯兄弟-蒙哥马利（Lybrand,RossBrothersandMontgomery）”及一家名为“麦克唐纳-克里（McDonald,CurrieandCo）”的加拿大事务所合并而成的。在1990年，永道在英国合并了DeloitteHaskins&Sells。但是，其他绝大多数Deloitte事务所与ToucheRoss合并，并最终组建了“德勤（DeloitteToucheTohmatsu）”。

1907年进入加拿大，2个人员起步，2007年百年庆祝时有5200员工，分布在加拿大25个地区。

普华与永道合并

除了在世界主要城市建立成员事务所以外，普华和永道都在每个国家吸收当地的会计师事务所。这就导致在同一个国家的不同地区产生更多的事务所并达到其分布范围的临界点，从而能为快速增长的跨国公司提供服务，无论他们在何处开展贸易。会计师事务所的成长同样受到来自于不断增长的审计需求（尤其是经历了20世纪20、30年代的大萧条之后）和日益复杂的纳税申报的刺激。

为了进一步利用大型会计师事务所的规模效益，普华和安达信（ArthurAndersen）曾在1989年商讨合并事宜，但最终没有达成协议。这主要是由于两者在重大领域存在利益冲突（此处专指同一会计师事务所不得兼任同一企业的审计和咨询业务）。例如，安达信为IBM公司提供强大的商务咨询服务，而普华则担任IBM的审计师。在1998年，普华（PriceWaterhouse）和永道（Coopers&Lybrand）合并为普华永道（PriceWaterhouseCoopers），使得新事务所成为一种不同的联盟，以获取更大的规模效益。在随后的几年里，普华永道和GrantThornton之间的合并谈判以失败告终。因为主要的大型会计师事务所正在不断减少，新的合并已很难获得监管机构的批准。

在2002年，安然（Enron）事件、世通（WorldCom）事件以及随后安达信的倒闭，导致美国证券交易委员会（U.S.SecuritiesandExchangeCommission）对审计师的独立性提出了更为严苛的规定。随后出台的萨班斯-奥克斯莱法案（Sarbanes-OxleyAct）便是上述规定的结果之一。该法案强调了审计师的独立性要求，并规定核心审计必须与总体咨询业务相分离。这导致四大会计师事务所不得不剥离他们的商务咨询业务。然而，事务所的主要业务仍是在审计服务之外，提供商业建议，诸如在税务及公司财务领域。

普华永道与中国：

普华永道中国大陆、香港、新加坡及台湾事务所已根据各地适用的法律协作运营。整体而言，员工总数约17,000人，其中包括约700名合伙人。

无论客户身在何处，普华永道均能提供所需的咨询服务。我们实务经验丰富、高素质的专业团队能聆听各种意见，帮助客户解决业务问题，发掘并把握机遇。我们的行业专业化有助于就客户关注的领域共创解决方案。

我们分布于以下城市：北京、香港、上海、新加坡、台北、重庆、中坜、大连、广州、杭州、新竹、高雄、澳门、南京、宁波、青岛、深圳、苏州、台中、台南、天津、武汉、厦门及西安。

英文翻译：PricewaterhouseCoopers is the largest professional service organization in the world. It was formed by the merger of Pricewaterhouse and Coopers & Lybrand in 1998. PricewaterhouseCoopers, together with KPMG, Ernst & young and Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, are the four largest international accounting firms. PricewaterhouseCoopers is one of the four major international accounting firms. Its main service areas include audit, tax, human resources, transaction, crisis management, etc. PricewaterhouseCoopers continuously improves value for customers and shareholders by developing solutions and providing practical advice. PricewaterhouseCoopers is committed to providing audit, tax and consulting services that meet the needs of various industries to enhance the value of customers. Within the global network of more than 161000 professional teams in 154 countries and regions, PricewaterhouseCoopers conducts professional research in 22 industries, shares its thinking achievements, industry experience and solutions, and provides customers with new perspectives and practical suggestions. PricewaterhouseCoopers & Lybrand is a combination of two large accounting firms, Pricewaterhouse and Coopers & Lybrand. Both firms date back to the 19th century. As for Pricewaterhouse, in 1849, Samuel price began his career as an accountant in London. In 1865, price established a partnership with William hollyland and Edwin Waterhouse, and hollyland soon quit. In 1874, the firm was named price, Waterhouse & Co. By the late 19th century, PwC was widely recognized as an accounting firm. In response to the rapid development of trade relations between Britain and the United States, PwC opened a branch office in New York in 1890. The U.S. branch expanded rapidly after that. At the same time, the original British office has been opening new offices in major countries within the British Empire. Independent relationships are established in each country, which gives local partners a strong incentive to expand their local businesses. In this way, PwC's expansion in the world is not achieved through international merger and reorganization, but through the establishment of cooperative alliances. As for Coopers & Lybrand, like PwC, it can also be traced back to the 19th century. In 1854, William Cooper established his own accounting firm in London. Seven years later, three of Cooper's other brothers joined the firm, which was renamed Cooper brothers. In 1898, Robert H. Montgomery, William M. Lybrand, Adam A. Ross, Jr. and his brother Edward rose founded Lybrand, Ross brothers and Montgomery in the United States. Coopers & Lybrand was formed in 1957 by the merger of Coopers brothers & Co., Lybrand, Ross brothers and Montgomery and a Canadian firm called McDonald, Currie and Co. In 1990, wing Tao merged Deloitte Haskins & sells in the UK. But most of the other Deloitte firms merged with toucheross and eventually formed Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu. After entering Canada in 1907, two people started to work. During the centennial celebration in 2007, there were 5200 employees in 25 regions of Canada. In addition to the establishment of member firms in major cities in the world, both PwC and Yongdao absorb local accounting firms in each country. This leads to more firms in different regions of the same country and reaches the critical point of their distribution, so that they can provide services to fast-growing multinational companies, no matter where they trade. The growth of accounting firms is also stimulated by the growing audit demand (especially after the Great Depression of 1920s and 1930s) and increasingly complex tax returns. In order to further utilize the scale benefits of large accounting firms, PwC and Arthur Andersen discussed the merger in 1989, but no agreement was reached. This is mainly due to the conflict of interest between the two in major fields (here refers to that the same accounting firm shall not concurrently serve as the auditing and consulting business of the same enterprise). For example, Andersen provides strong business consulting services to IBM, while PwC acts as IBM's auditor. In 1998, Pricewaterhouse and Coopers & Lybrand merged into Pricewaterhouse Coopers, making the new firm a different alliance to achieve greater scale benefits. In the years that followed, the merger talks between PwC and Grant Thornton ended in failure. Since the number of major accounting firms is decreasing, it is difficult to obtain regulatory approval for a new merger. In 2002, Enron, WorldCom and the subsequent collapse of Andersen led to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's stricter rules on auditor independence. The Sarbanes Oxley Act that followed was one of the results. The act emphasizes the auditor's independence requirements and stipulates that the core audit must be separated from the overall consulting business. As a result, the four accounting firms had to divest their business consulting business. However, the main business of the firm is still to provide business advice in addition to audit services, such as tax and corporate finance. PricewaterhouseCoopers and China: PricewaterhouseCoopers China, Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan have operated in accordance with the applicable laws of each region. Overall, the total number of employees is about 17000, including about 700 partners. No matter where the client is, PricewaterhouseCoopers can provide the required consulting services. Our experienced and high-quality professional team can listen to various opinions, help customers solve business problems, explore and seize opportunities. Our industry specialization helps create solutions in areas of customer concern. We are located in the following cities: Beijing, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Singapore, Taipei, Chongqing, Zhongli, Dalian, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Hsinchu, Kaohsiung, Macao, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qingdao, Shenzhen, Suzhou, Taichung, Tainan, Tianjin, Wuhan, Xiamen and Xi'an.

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