【PEMEX是哪个国家的品牌？】

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墨西哥国家石油公司(PetroleosMexicanos，简称Pemex)是墨西哥最大的石油和石油化工公司。成立于1938年，该公司成立以前，墨西哥石油的勘探、开采、炼制和销售几乎全部被外国石油公司垄断。

1938年3月18日，墨西哥著名的民族主义者卡德纳斯政府排除国内外种种压力，将设在该国的英、美、荷等国的石油公司全部收归国有，同时建立墨西哥石油公司，负责经营全国石油的勘探、开采、提炼和石油化学工业。由于昔日外国公司掠夺性的开采，墨西哥石油产量在国有化之后相当长的一段时间内徘徊不前。自60年代起，在墨西哥石油公司统一指导下，全国石油工业逐渐步入恢复和发展时期，1974年重新开始出口石油。为发展和扩大本国石油和石油化工工业，该公司积极勘探石油资源，逐步增加石油和天然气产量，扩大石油炼制能力，并大力发展石油化学工业，稳步扩展石油销售和运输系统，增加出口。

1993年，该公司资产额为492.94亿美元。总部在墨西哥城。1995年综合排名列第6位的石油公司。1995年公司总收入为211.38亿美元，总资产为319.84亿美元。拥有雇员13.6万人。1996年公司拥有石油储量为66.55亿吨，天然气储量为1.916万亿立方米(1995年)；石油产量为1.48亿吨，天然气产量为434.63亿立方米。

为了重振墨西哥石油工业，根据石油公司组织法，墨政府从1992年开始，对石油公司组织机构和管理机制进行了改革，缩小了公司规模。国家石油公司成为代表国家对石油、天然气和基础石油化工企业进行管理的控股公司，对所有石油工业活动实行中央指导和战略领导。

英文翻译：Pemex is the largest oil and petrochemical company in Mexico. Founded in 1938, before the establishment of the company, Mexico's oil exploration, production, refining and sales were almost monopolized by foreign oil companies. On March 18, 1938, the government of kadenas, a famous nationalist in Mexico, ruled out various pressures at home and abroad, nationalized all the oil companies in Britain, the United States, the Netherlands and other countries, and established the Mexican oil company, which was responsible for the exploration, exploitation, refining and petrochemical industry of the country's oil. Because of the predatory exploitation of foreign companies in the past, Mexico's oil production has been stagnant for quite a long time after the nationalization. Since the 1960s, under the guidance of the Mexican oil company, the national oil industry has gradually entered a period of recovery and development, and began to export oil again in 1974. In order to develop and expand the domestic petroleum and petrochemical industry, the company actively explored petroleum resources, gradually increased oil and natural gas production, expanded oil refining capacity, vigorously developed the petrochemical industry, steadily expanded oil sales and transportation system, and increased exports. In 1993, the company's assets amounted to $49.294 billion. The headquarters is in Mexico City. Oil companies ranked sixth in 1995. In 1995, the company's total revenue was 21.138 billion US dollars, and its total assets were 31.984 billion US dollars. It has 136000 employees. In 1996, the company had oil reserves of 6.655 billion tons, natural gas reserves of 1.916 trillion cubic meters (1995); oil production of 148 million tons, natural gas production of 43.463 billion cubic meters. In order to revive the oil industry in Mexico, the Mexican government has reformed the organization and management mechanism of oil companies since 1992 according to the organization law of oil companies, reducing the size of the company. State Petroleum Corporation (NOC) has become a holding company that manages petroleum, natural gas and basic petrochemical enterprises on behalf of the state, and exercises central guidance and strategic leadership over all petroleum industry activities.

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